功能性消化不良(functional dyspepsia,FD)是一種以餐后飽脹、早飽、上腹痛為主要癥狀的常見消化系統(tǒng)疾病,其發(fā)病機制涉及胃腸動力障礙、內(nèi)臟超敏、腦-腸軸失調(diào)及腸道微生態(tài)失衡等多因素。目前西醫(yī)治療存在療效有限及不良反應等問題,而中醫(yī)藥憑借整體調(diào)節(jié)和安全性優(yōu)勢,逐漸成為FD治療的重要選擇。多組學技術(轉(zhuǎn)錄組學、蛋白質(zhì)組學、代謝組學、微生物組學)在中醫(yī)藥復雜的“多成分-多靶點-多通路”方面具有全面解析藥物發(fā)揮具體作用,在揭示中醫(yī)藥治療FD作用機制方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。因此,通過多組學技術的整合應用為系統(tǒng)解析中醫(yī)藥治療FD的作用機制進行綜述,為中醫(yī)藥臨床治療提供科學依據(jù)和新視角。

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common digestive system disease with postprandial fullness, early satiety, and epigastric pain as the main symptoms, and its pathogenesis involves gastrointestinal motility disorders, visceral hypersensitivity, brain-gut axis disorders, and intestinal microecological imbalance. At present, there are problems such as limited efficacy and side effects in Western medicine, but traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gradually become an important choice for FD treatment due to its overall regulation and safety advantages. Multi-omics technology (transcriptomics, proteomics, substitution omics, microbiome) has a comprehensive analysis of the specific role of drug development in the complex “multi-component-multi-target-multi-pathway” of TCM, and has played an important role in revealing the mechanism of action of TCM in the treatment of functional dyspepsia. Therefore, through the integrated application of multi-omics technology, this paper reviews the mechanism of action of TCM in the treatment of FD, and provides a scientific basis and new perspective for the clinical treatment of TCM.

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江西省藥品監(jiān)督管理局科研項目（2022JS29）；2022科技創(chuàng)新團隊項目（NYTD202202）；江西省技術創(chuàng)新引導類計劃項目（2023KZI01003）；江西省衛(wèi)生健康委科技創(chuàng)新重點項目（2025ZD001）