功能性消化不良(functional dyspepsia,FD)是一種以餐后飽脹、早飽、上腹痛為主要癥狀的常見(jiàn)消化系統(tǒng)疾病,其發(fā)病機(jī)制涉及胃腸動(dòng)力障礙、內(nèi)臟超敏、腦-腸軸失調(diào)及腸道微生態(tài)失衡等多因素。目前西醫(yī)治療存在療效有限及不良反應(yīng)等問(wèn)題,而中醫(yī)藥憑借整體調(diào)節(jié)和安全性?xún)?yōu)勢(shì),逐漸成為FD治療的重要選擇。多組學(xué)技術(shù)(轉(zhuǎn)錄組學(xué)、蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)、代謝組學(xué)、微生物組學(xué))在中醫(yī)藥復(fù)雜的“多成分-多靶點(diǎn)-多通路”方面具有全面解析藥物發(fā)揮具體作用,在揭示中醫(yī)藥治療FD作用機(jī)制方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。因此,通過(guò)多組學(xué)技術(shù)的整合應(yīng)用為系統(tǒng)解析中醫(yī)藥治療FD的作用機(jī)制進(jìn)行綜述,為中醫(yī)藥臨床治療提供科學(xué)依據(jù)和新視角。

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common digestive system disease with postprandial fullness, early satiety, and epigastric pain as the main symptoms, and its pathogenesis involves gastrointestinal motility disorders, visceral hypersensitivity, brain-gut axis disorders, and intestinal microecological imbalance. At present, there are problems such as limited efficacy and side effects in Western medicine, but traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gradually become an important choice for FD treatment due to its overall regulation and safety advantages. Multi-omics technology (transcriptomics, proteomics, substitution omics, microbiome) has a comprehensive analysis of the specific role of drug development in the complex “multi-component-multi-target-multi-pathway” of TCM, and has played an important role in revealing the mechanism of action of TCM in the treatment of functional dyspepsia. Therefore, through the integrated application of multi-omics technology, this paper reviews the mechanism of action of TCM in the treatment of FD, and provides a scientific basis and new perspective for the clinical treatment of TCM.

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江西省藥品監(jiān)督管理局科研項(xiàng)目（2022JS29）；2022科技創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目（NYTD202202）；江西省技術(shù)創(chuàng)新引導(dǎo)類(lèi)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（2023KZI01003）；江西省衛(wèi)生健康委科技創(chuàng)新重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目（2025ZD001）