目的 通過(guò)測(cè)定半夏及近緣種的DNA葉綠體的非編碼區(qū)序列，為半夏的分子鑒別和遺傳多樣性研究提供依據(jù)。方法 在我國(guó)半夏主要分布區(qū)收集到43份半夏及滴水珠和虎掌半夏2個(gè)近緣種，采用PCR法克隆葉片基因組DNA中psbK-psbI和atpF-atpH兩段序列，借助生物信息學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行比對(duì)分析。結(jié)果 半夏atpF-atpH序列長(zhǎng)為337～342 bp，較為保守，僅含變異位點(diǎn)7個(gè)，其中信息位點(diǎn)1個(gè)，遺傳距離為0～0.024。半夏psbK-psbI序列長(zhǎng)為432～435 bp，變異位點(diǎn)37個(gè)，其中信息位點(diǎn)17個(gè)，遺傳距離為0～0.069。聚類(lèi)分析結(jié)果均顯示出與表型以及地理居群的不一致。結(jié)論 psbK-psbI序列較atpF-atpH有更好的鑒別能力，在半夏種內(nèi)具有較豐富的變異位點(diǎn)。

Objective To provide the evidence for the identification and genetic diversity of Pinellia ternata by studying cpDNA non-coding sequences of P. ternata and its related species. Methods Besides P. cordate and P. pedatisecta, 43 P. ternata samples were collected from the main habitats in China. psbK-psbI and atpF-atpH sequences in leaf genome DNA were cloned by PCR. Comparative analysis was carried out by bioinformatics software. Results The sequence length of atpF-atpH in P. ternata was 337—342 bp and conservative. The numbers of variable sites and parsimony information sites were only 7 and 1, respectively. The genetic distance was 0—0.024. The length of psbK-psbI was 432—435 bp, with 37 variable sites, including 17 information sites, and the genetic distance was 0—0.069. Cluster analysis was not consistent with the phenotype or the geographical distributions. Conclusion The discrimination of psbK-psbI is better than that of atpF-atpH, and there are more mutation sites in psbK-psbI sequence among species in P. ternata.

國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（2009BAI74B01-01-04）；華僑大學(xué)基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)基金資助項(xiàng)目（JB-ZR1115）