目的 利用篩選的黨參多態(tài)性微衛(wèi)星引物進行黨參群體遺傳多樣性研究。方法 利用磁珠富集法分離黨參核基因組微衛(wèi)星引物，并選取黨參4個野生居群48個樣品進行遺傳多樣性分析。結果 篩選出了10個能成功擴增黨參樣品的微衛(wèi)星引物；這些引物擴增產物的等位基因數(shù)目為5～14個，觀察雜合度范圍為0.446～0.833，期望雜合度范圍為0.697～0.895；使用4個黨參近緣物種（輪葉黨參、球花黨參、雞蛋參和長葉黨參）進行引物通用性檢測，發(fā)現(xiàn)有5對引物（Cpi01、Cpi04、Cpi06、Cpi07和Cpi08）能同時在4個物種中成功擴增。結論 篩選出的多態(tài)性微衛(wèi)星引物能用于黨參的遺傳多樣性和群體遺傳結構研究，同時也能夠用于黨參屬其他近緣物種的群體遺傳學研究。

Abstract: Objective To study the genetic diversity of Codonopsis pilosula using the screened polymorphic microsatellite primers. Methods The microsatellite primers of C. pilosula were isolated based on nuclear genome by magnetic bead enrichment , and genetic diversity was examined in 48 individuals from four wild populations of C. pilosula. Results Ten microsatellite primers which could be used to amplify the sample of C. pilosula were screened and the number of alleles for the primer amplification products ranged 5―14. The ranges of observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.446—0.833 and 0.697—0.895, respectively. The transferability of these microsatellite loci was tested upon four closely related species (C. lanceolata, C. subglobosa, C. convolvulacea, and C. longifolia) of C. pilosula, among which five pairs of primers (Cpi01, Cpi04, Cpi06, Cpi07, and Cpi08) were successfully amplified. Conclusion These polymorphic microsatellite primers could be used to study the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of C. pilosula and those of other related species of Codonopsis Wall.

國家自然科學基金資助項目（41101058）；西北大學科研啟動基金資助項目（PR11054）；西北大學優(yōu)秀青年學術骨干支持計劃項目（PR12146）