白果內酯是從銀杏葉中提取到的倍半萜內酯，是銀杏類制劑抗腦缺血作用的重要活性成分之一。白果內酯對腦缺血損傷保護的作用具有一定的量效關系和時效關系，作用機制主要包括：改善缺血后腦組織的能量代謝，抗炎癥免疫損傷，抗興奮性氨基酸神經毒性，抑制神經細胞的凋亡、促進神經元的增殖分化，并能減輕腦水腫的發(fā)生和腦部循環(huán)障礙，能全面針對腦缺血損傷的各種病理過程。簡述白果內酯對腦缺血損傷保護的藥效作用及其作用機制的研究進展。

Bilobalide is an important active ingredient of Ginkgo preparations against cerebral ischemia extracted from Ginkgo biloba leaves. The protective effect of bilobalide on cerebral ischemic injury is dose-dependent and time-dependent. The main protective mechanism of bilobalide on cerebral ischemia injury is improving the energy metabolism of cerebral tissue after ischemia, anti-inflammatory immune injury, anti-excitatory amino acid neurotoxicity, inhibition of neuronal apoptosis, promoting neuronal proliferation and differentiation, alleviating encephaledema, and improving cerebral circulation disorder. Bilobalide can fully target various pathological processes of cerebral ischemia injury. This review explores research progress on the effect and mechanism of bilobalide on the protection of cerebral ischemia injury.