目的 回顧性分析國內某三級甲等醫(yī)院2010—2012年兩種Ⅰ類切口手術患者（其中甲狀腺手術107例、腹股溝疝手術93例）預防性應用有關抗菌藥的情況，為抗菌藥物專項治理工作的深入開展提供參考。方法 對抗菌藥物使用率、品種、用藥時機、人均用藥天數(shù)、術前0.5～2 h給藥率進行統(tǒng)計分析。參考衛(wèi)生部辦公廳《關于繼續(xù)深入開展全國抗菌藥物臨床應用專項整治活動的通知》等有關文件要求，評價抗菌藥物專項整治成效。結果 頭孢類抗菌素使用率最高，且頭孢一代抗菌素使用率逐年提高；術前0.5～2 h給藥率逐年上升；不合理使用率逐年降低。結論 抗菌藥物專項治理后，外科Ⅰ類切口手術預防性應用抗菌藥物的不合理現(xiàn)象較之前顯著降低，但是有關抗菌藥的合理應用與管理問題仍需加強。

Objective A retrospective analysis on the prophylactic use of antimicrobial agents in the patients undergoing two kinds of Type I incision surgery from 2010 to 2012 in a tertiary medicinal center (including 107 cases of thyroid surgery and 93 cases of inguinal hernia surgery) was carried out to provide a reference for the deep development of governance in the future. Methods Antimicrobial usage, varieties, medication timing, the number of days per treatment, preoperative 0.5 ~ 2 h dosing rate were analyzed. With the reference of “on National Clinical use of Antibiotics Continue to Carry out Special Rectification Activities” by the General Office of the Ministry of Health and other relevant documents, the antimicrobial effectiveness of the special rectification was evaluated. Results Rates of cephalosporin class of antibiotics were highest, and the usage of generation I cephalosporin antibiotic had increased annually; 0.5 ~ 2 h before surgery administration increased year by year; unreasonable utilization decreased year by year. Conclusion After the special control on antimicrobial agents, the unreasonable phenomenon on preventive application of antibacterial drugs of surgical typeⅠ incision was significantly lower than before, but the effort should be made on the reasonable application of antibacterial drugs and the management issues.