目的 調查六安市人民醫(yī)院特殊診療操作中抗菌藥物的預防性應用情況，為臨床合理使用提供參考。方法 收集六安市人民醫(yī)院2017年1月—2018年3月進行特殊診療操作的患者病歷，對其抗菌藥物的預防性使用情況進行統(tǒng)計、分析和評價。結果 納入調查的1 792份病歷中，72份存在預防性使用抗菌藥物，使用率為4.02%；血管（含冠狀動脈）造影術、成形術、支架植入術均未預防用抗菌藥物，不推薦預防性使用抗菌藥物的下腔靜脈濾器植入術、腫瘤的物理消融術（含射頻、微波和冷凍等）和血管栓塞術預防用抗菌藥物比例分別為42.86%、15.38%、6.00%；72例預防性使用抗菌藥物病例中，不合理率達69.44%，其主要存在無適應癥用藥、藥物品種選擇不當及用藥療程偏長等問題。結論 六安市人民醫(yī)院特殊診療操作中預防性使用抗菌藥物存在不合理現(xiàn)象，醫(yī)院需要加強特殊診療操作中的抗菌藥物臨床應用管理。

Objective To investigate prophylactic use of antibiotics during special operations for diagnosis and treatment, and promote the rational use of drugs. Methods The patients of Lu'an People's Hospital who underwent the operation of special diagnosis and treatment from January 2017 to March 2018 were collected, and the use of antibiotics was counted, analyzed, and evaluated. Results In the 1 792 medical records, 72 cases of patients were treated with antibacterials with the use rate of 4.02%. And the prophylactic application of antibiotics was not used in blood vessels (including coronary artery) angiography, angioplasty, and stent implantation. The ratios of inferior vena cava filter implantation, tumor physical ablation (including rf, microwave, and freezing, etc.), and vascular embolization prophylaxis which were not recommended use antimicrobial agents, occupied 42.86%, 15.38%, and 6.00%, respectively. In the 72 cases of patients prophylactic using of antimicrobial agents, the unreasonable rate was 69.44%. And the main problems included non-indicative use of drugs, improper selection of drug types, and long treatment duration. Conclusion There are unreasonable drug use phenomena in the special operations for diagnosis and treatment in Lu'an People's Hospital. The management of prophylactic use of antibiotics should be strengthened in hospitals.