目的 探討膽木浸膏糖漿聯(lián)合奧司他韋治療兒童急性上呼吸道感染的臨床效果。方法 隨機將2022年2月—2024年8月在海口市第三人民醫(yī)院就診的110例風(fēng)熱型急性上呼吸道感染患兒，按隨機數(shù)字表法分為對照組和治療組，每組各55例。對照組口服磷酸奧司他韋顆粒，體質(zhì)量＜15 kg者30 mg/次，15 kg≤體質(zhì)量＜23 kg者45 mg/次，23≤體質(zhì)量＜40 kg者60 mg/次，＞40 kg者75 mg/次，2次/d。治療組在對照組基礎(chǔ)上口服膽木浸膏糖漿，3～5歲者5 mL/次，6～14歲者10 mL/次，3次/d。兩組患兒均治療5 d。觀察兩組患兒臨床療效，比較治療前后兩組患兒癥狀緩解時間，中醫(yī)證候積分，炎性因子腫瘤壞死因子-α（TNF-α）、白細(xì)胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、核因子-κB（NF-κB）和Toll樣受體4（TLR4）。結(jié)果 治療后，治療組患兒總有效率顯著高于對照組總有效率（98.18% vs 81.82%，P＜0.05）。治療后，治療組患兒咳嗽、發(fā)熱及咽痛消退時間較對照組縮短更顯著（P＜0.05）。治療后，兩組患兒中醫(yī)證候積分比治療前明顯下降（P＜0.05），且治療組患兒積分較對照組降低程度更顯著（P＜0.05）。治療后，兩組患兒IL-1β、TNF-α、NF-κB和TLR4水平較治療前明顯下降（P＜0.05），且治療組患兒IL-1β、TNF-α、NF-κB和TLR4水平較對照組降低程度更顯著（P＜0.05）。結(jié)論 在兒童急性上呼吸道感染治療方面，膽木浸膏糖漿聯(lián)合奧司他韋具有更高的有效性和安全性，能有效縮短癥狀時間，減輕中醫(yī)癥狀，抑制炎性反應(yīng)。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of Danmu Extract Syrup combined with oseltamivir in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection in children.Methods Children (110 cases) with acute upper respiratory tract infection in the Third People’s Hospital of Haikou from February 2022 to August 2024 were divided into control and treatment group according to random number table method, and each group had 55 cases. Children in the control group were po administered with Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules, 30 mg/time for those weighing less than 15 kg, 45 mg/time for those weighing 15 — 23 kg, 60 mg/time for those weighing 23 — 40 kg, and 75 mg/time for those weighing more than 40 kg, twice daily. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Danmu Extract Syrup on the basis of the control group, 5 mL/time for those age 3 — 5 years, 10 mL/time for those age 6 — 14 years, three times daily. Children in two groups were treated for 5 d. After treatment, the clinical evaluations were evaluated, and the symptom relief time, TCM syndrome points, and the inflammatory factors IL-1β, TNF-α, NF-κB and TLR4 levels in two groups before and after treatment were compared.Results After treatment, the clinical effective rate of children in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (98.18% vs 81.82%, P < 0.05). After treatment, the fading time of cough, fever and sore throat in the treatment group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the TCM syndrome scores of children in two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05), and the scores of children in the treatment group were decreased more significantly than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, NF-κB and TLR4 in two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05), and the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, NF-κB and TLR4 in the treatment group were decreased more significantly than those in the control group (P < 0.05).Conclusion Danmu Extract Syrup combined with oseltamivir in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections in children has higher effectiveness and safety, which can effectively shorten the symptom time, reduce traditional Chinese medicine symptoms, and inhibit inflammatory reactions.

R985