目的 分析蘇州市第九人民醫(yī)院使用抗腫瘤藥物后發(fā)生不良反應（ADR）的規(guī)律和特點，為臨床合理用藥提供參考。方法 收集2017年6月1日-2019年6月30日蘇州市第九人民醫(yī)院腫瘤科住院患者藥物治療后發(fā)生ADR的資料，分析ADR所涉及器官、患者年齡性別、給藥方式、藥物種類等臨床數(shù)據(jù)。結(jié)果 2017年6月1日-2019年6月30日蘇州市第九人民醫(yī)院腫瘤科住院患者藥物治療后發(fā)生ADR的病例有250例，其中年齡在60~69歲最多，50~59歲和70歲以上年齡段次之；在所有ADR發(fā)生情況中，消化系統(tǒng)和血液系統(tǒng)的不良反應最為常見；在給藥方式中，靜脈滴注和注射引起ADR比例最高；藥物種類中，以鉑類、植物來源類和抗代謝類藥物ADR發(fā)生率最高，藥物中以奧沙利鉑、氟尿嘧啶和紫杉醇引起的ADR例數(shù)最多。結(jié)論 抗腫瘤藥物引起ADR的發(fā)生與患者年齡、給藥途徑、藥物種類等密切關(guān)聯(lián)，并且涉及多個組織、器官與系統(tǒng)。臨床使用時應根據(jù)具體用藥情況采取有效預防措施，以減少或避免ADR的發(fā)生。從而優(yōu)化合理用藥，保障患者用藥安全。

Objective To study the characteristics and regularities of adverse drug reactions (ADR) of antineoplastic drugs in oncology patients in Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital from 2017 to 2019, summarize the experience of clinical medication to improve a reference for drug use. Methods 250 cancer patients with ADR after treatment by the antineoplastic drugs from Jun 1th 2017 to Jun 30th 2019 were selected for research, and the adverse reactions involved system, age and gender, administration way and drug distribution were also retrospectively analyzed. Results The incidence of ADR was the highest in the age group of 60-69 years, and 50-59 years and 70 years and above were following; the involved systems/organs are mainly digestive system damage and blood system damage; the incidence rate of intravenous drip and injection were the highest; the incidence rates of oxaliplatin, fluorouracil and paclitaxel were the highest. Conclusion The ADRs caused by antineoplastics are closely related to age and drug delivery way, and be involved in most tissues, organs and systems. During the clinical use of antineoplastic drugs, the physicians should give more attention to the monitor of ADR to optimize the medication and ensure the curative effect.

R979.1

蘇州市第九人民醫(yī)院院級課題（院201841）