目的 分析南京鼓樓醫(yī)院抗真菌藥物不良反應(yīng)（ADR）發(fā)生的特點和規(guī)律，為臨床合理用藥提供參考。方法 收集南京鼓樓醫(yī)院2007年9月—2017年9月上報國家藥品不良反應(yīng)監(jiān)測中心的149例有效的抗真菌藥物ADR報告，分別從患者的性別、年齡、給藥途徑、藥物劑型、合并用藥、累及器官系統(tǒng)分布及臨床表現(xiàn)、ADR的轉(zhuǎn)歸情況等進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果 抗真菌藥物所致的ADR患者男女比例為1∶1.22；60歲以上發(fā)生率最高（46例，30.87%）。引發(fā)ADR的主要給藥途徑為靜脈滴注（98例，65.77%）。ADR報告涉及7種藥物劑型，其中以粉針劑為主，占總劑型的34.23%。吡咯類的不良反應(yīng)占88.59%，其中主要以伏立康唑為主，構(gòu)成比為36.24%。未合并用藥者為113例，占75.84%。所致ADR主要累及中樞及外周神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)（49例，28.99%），其次為皮膚及其附件（34例，20.12%）等。ADR的轉(zhuǎn)歸以痊愈和好轉(zhuǎn)為主。結(jié)論 抗真菌藥物發(fā)生ADR與多種因素相關(guān)，應(yīng)嚴(yán)格控制藥物的不合理使用，減少ADR發(fā)生。

Objective To analysis the characteristics and regularities of adverse drug reaction (ADR) of antifungals in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and to provide reference for rational drug use in clinic. Methods 149 Cases of effective antifungals adverse reaction reports from September 2007 to September 2017 in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital to National ADR Monitoring Center were selected and analyzed according to the patient's gender and age, medication methods, drug types, combination of drugs, involved organ system distribution and clinical manifestations, and ADR results. Results The ratio of male to female patients with adverse reactions caused by antifungal drugs was 1:1.22. Patients over the age of 60 had the highest incidences (46 cases, 30.87%). Intravenous administration (98 cases, 65.77%) was the main route. ADR reports involved 7 kinds of dosage forms, which mainly were powder injection, accounting for 34.23%. ADR reduced by pyrroles accounted for 88.59%, in which voriconazole had the highest incidences with the ratio of 36.24%. 113 Cases of patients were given single drugs, accounting for 75.84%. Organs/systems involved by ADR mainly were central and peripheral nervous system (49 cases, 28.99%), followed by skin and its appendages (34 cases, 20.12%), and so on. The outcome of ADR was mainly recovery and improvement. Conclusion Multiple factors contributed to the ADR of antifungals, therefore the irrational use of drugs e should be strictly controlled, in order to reduce the occurrence of ADR.