呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是嬰幼兒、老年人和免疫功能低下者誘發(fā)下呼吸道感染的主要原因。RSV引起嚴(yán)重的呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病，與長(zhǎng)期喘息和后期哮喘風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加有關(guān)。雖然RSV疫苗的開發(fā)已經(jīng)有50多年，仍然沒有批準(zhǔn)上市的疫苗，對(duì)于預(yù)防和治療RSV感染的疫苗和有效治療藥物尚未滿足臨床需求。帕利珠單抗和利巴韋林目前可用于RSV感染的預(yù)防和治療，但不完全有效。因此需要針對(duì)RSV的預(yù)防和治療提出新的療法，用于滿足臨床醫(yī)療需求。近10年來(lái)，新抗病毒藥物和單克隆抗體的研發(fā)，已經(jīng)顯示出對(duì)RSV治療的臨床應(yīng)用前景，并且可能在未來(lái)幾年陸續(xù)上市。盡管RSV融合蛋白（F蛋白）已成為小分子抑制劑和單克隆抗體最受歡迎的靶點(diǎn)，但靶向病毒其他蛋白質(zhì)的新方法也得到了發(fā)展。同時(shí)針對(duì)逃逸株，可能會(huì)采用聯(lián)合用藥，用于RSV病毒的治療。對(duì)處于不同臨床研發(fā)階段的抗RSV病毒藥物和單克隆抗體進(jìn)行了綜述。

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause inducing lower respiratory tract infection for infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised persons. Respiratory diseases caused by RSV are associated with long-term breath and an increased risk of later asthma. Although the development of RSV vaccine has been for 50 years, there is still no approved vaccine for the prevention and treatment of RSV infection. The vaccine and effective drugs in treatment of RSV infection has not meet clinical needs. Palivizumab and ribavirin are currently the only available in the prevention and treatment of RSV infection, but not completely effective. Therefore it is necessary for the prevention and treatment of RSV new therapies to meet the clinical medical needs. In the past 10 years, the development of new antiviral drugs and monoclonal antibody has shown the prospect of clinical application of RSV treatment, and may become available in the next few years. Although the RSV fusion protein (F protein) has become the most popular target for small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal, the new method to other virus protein targets has also been developed. At the same time for the escape mutants, the drug combination may be used in treatment of RSV virus. In this paper, anti RSV drugs and monoclonal antibodies in different clinical stages are reviewed.

國(guó)家科技重大專項(xiàng)重大新藥創(chuàng)制專項(xiàng)（2017ZX09303008）