目的 觀察辣木果實(shí)對(duì)鏈尿佐菌素誘導(dǎo)大鼠糖尿病血糖和周圍神經(jīng)病變的改善作用，并探討其作用機(jī)制。方法 采用鏈脲佐菌素誘發(fā)糖尿病大鼠模型。將糖尿病大鼠隨機(jī)分為模型組、二甲雙胍組和辣木果實(shí)7.80、15.61、31.22 g/kg組，每組各10只。另取正常大鼠10只，作為對(duì)照組。模型組和對(duì)照組ig同體積的純凈水，二甲雙胍組給予鹽酸二甲雙胍片0.2 g/kg。所有大鼠給藥體積均為20 mL/kg，連續(xù)給藥8周。觀察藥物對(duì)糖尿病大鼠空腹血糖、糖化血清蛋白、糖耐量、血中紅細(xì)胞山梨醇水平、坐骨神經(jīng)山梨醇水平以及坐骨神經(jīng)組織形態(tài)學(xué)的影響。結(jié)果 與模型組比較，辣木果實(shí)15.61、31.22 g/kg組均能明顯降低糖尿病大鼠各時(shí)間點(diǎn)血糖曲線下面積（P<0.01）。治療8周后，辣木果實(shí)15.61、31.22 g/kg組紅細(xì)胞山梨醇水平明顯低于模型組（P<0.01）；辣木果實(shí)7.80、15.61、31.22 g/kg量組坐骨神經(jīng)山梨醇水平明顯低于模型組（P<0.01）。治療8周后，辣木果實(shí)15.61、31.22 g/kg組糖化血清蛋白水平明顯低于模型組（P<0.05、0.01）。辣木果實(shí)組坐骨神經(jīng)病理形態(tài)學(xué)病變有不同程度減輕，其中辣木果實(shí)15.61 g/kg組基本恢復(fù)正常，神經(jīng)纖維排列緊密。辣木果實(shí)31.22 g/kg組改善情況弱于辣木果實(shí)15.61 g/kg組。結(jié)論 辣木果實(shí)對(duì)糖尿病大鼠周圍神經(jīng)病變具有明顯的改善作用，其作用機(jī)制可能與體內(nèi)山梨醇代謝異常的改善有關(guān)。

Objective To observe the improvement of Moringa oleifera fruit on blood glucose and peripheral neuropathy in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin, and discuss its mechanisms. Methods Diabetic rat models were induced by streptozotocin. Diabetes rats were divided into model group, metformin group, and M. oleifera fruit (7.80, 15.61, and 31.22 g/kg) groups, and each group had 10 rats. Another 10 normal rats were taken as the control group. Rats in the model group and control group were ig administered with the same volume of pure water. Rats in the metformin group were ig administered with 0.2 g/kg Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets. All rats were ig administered with the volume of 20 mL/kg, and treated for 8 weeks. The effects of drugs on fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance, glycosylated serum protein, erythrocyte sorbitol level, sciatic nerve sorbitol level, and sciatic nerve histomorphology in diabetic rats were observed. Results Compared with the model group, blood glucose area under the curves at each time point in M. oleifera fruit 15.61 and 31.22 g/kg groups were significantly decreased in diabetic rats (P < 0.01). After 8 weeks of treatment, erythrocyte sorbitol levels in M. oleifera fruit 15.61 and 31.22 g/kg groups were significantly lower than those in the model group (P < 0.01), and sciatic nerve sorbitol levels in M. oleifera fruit 7.80, 15.61, and 31.22 g/kg groups were significantly lower than those in the model group (P < 0.01).After 8 weeks of treatment, glycosylated serum protein levels in M. oleifera fruit 15.61 and 31.22 g/kg groups were significantly lower than those in the model group (P < 0.05, 0.01). Sciatic nerve pathological lesions in M. oleifera fruit groups were alleviated, and those in in M. oleifera fruit 15.61 g/kg group returned to normal, and nerve fibers were arranged closely. Improve of M. oleifera fruit 31.22 g/kg group were weaker than those in the 15.61 g/kg group. Conclusion M. oleifera fruit has obvious effect on peripheral neuropathy in diabetic rats, and the mechanism may be related to the improvement of abnormal metabolism of sorbitol in the body.

天津市中醫(yī)藥管理局中醫(yī)中西醫(yī)結(jié)合科研課題項(xiàng)目（13113）