目的 研究益氣熄風(fēng)膠囊防治大鼠局灶性腦缺血再灌注損傷的作用以及其作用機(jī)制。方法 將SD大鼠隨機(jī)分為假手術(shù)組、模型組、尼莫地平片（30 mg/kg）組和益氣熄風(fēng)膠囊0.771 8、1.543 5、3.087 0、6.174 0 g/kg組，每個(gè)組再分為腦梗死率檢測(cè)、病理學(xué)研究2個(gè)亞組。益氣熄風(fēng)膠囊于造模前ig給藥，1次/d，連續(xù)7 d；假手術(shù)組和模型組給予生理鹽水，給藥體積均為10 mL/kg。于第7天給藥后30 min制造大腦中動(dòng)脈閉塞（MCAO）模型。大腦中動(dòng)脈阻斷3 h后，進(jìn)行再灌注。假手術(shù)組僅在動(dòng)脈處備線處理，待給予生理鹽水后去線即可。缺血再灌注后24 h后TTC染色法測(cè)定腦梗死體積，計(jì)算腦梗死率。缺血再灌注24 h時(shí)計(jì)算腦指數(shù)和腦含水量。各組大鼠在腦缺血再灌注后3、24 h進(jìn)行神經(jīng)功能評(píng)分。采用蘇木素、伊紅進(jìn)行染色，光鏡下觀察各組大鼠腦組織的病理形態(tài)。采用甲苯胺藍(lán)尼氏染色法檢測(cè)尼氏小體表達(dá)情況，觀察腦組織尼氏小體數(shù)量；采用免疫組化染色SP法測(cè)定iNOS蛋白的平均吸光度值，觀察大鼠腦組織iNOS蛋白表達(dá)情況。結(jié)果 益氣熄風(fēng)膠囊1.543 5、3.087 0 g/kg對(duì)局灶性腦缺血再灌注引起大鼠腦梗死率增大有明顯降低作用（P<0.05），而益氣熄風(fēng)膠囊0.771 8、6.174 0 g/kg組大鼠腦梗死率無明顯變化。益氣熄風(fēng)膠囊0.771 8、1.543 5、3.087 0、6.174 0 g/kg組大鼠腦指數(shù)和腦含水量無明顯變化。造模后3 h益氣熄風(fēng)膠囊0.771 8、3.087 0、6.174 0 g/kg神經(jīng)行為學(xué)評(píng)分明顯增加（P<0.05、0.01），對(duì)局灶性腦缺血再灌注而引起大鼠神經(jīng)功能損傷癥狀有改善作用，而益氣熄風(fēng)膠囊1.543 5 g/kg的作用不明顯。與模型組比較，益氣熄風(fēng)膠囊1.543 5 g/kg組大鼠腦組織的灰質(zhì)病變、白質(zhì)病變、腦膜、室管膜病變均明顯減輕（P<0.01），尼氏染色計(jì)數(shù)平均吸光度值顯著增加（P<0.01），腦組織中iNOS蛋白表達(dá)水平有降低的趨勢(shì)，但是不具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。結(jié)論 益氣熄風(fēng)膠囊對(duì)大鼠局灶性腦缺血再灌注損傷具有明確的保護(hù)作用，其作用機(jī)制可能與腦組織病理病變減輕和尼氏小體數(shù)量增加有關(guān)。

Objective To investigate the protective effect of Yiqi Xifeng Capsules on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats and its mechanisms. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into Sham group, model group, Nimodipine Tablets (30 mg/kg) group, and Yiqi Xifeng Capsules 0.771 8, 1.543 5, 3.087 0, and 6.174 0 g/kg groups, and each group was further divided into two subgroups for cerebral infarction rate detection and pathology. Yiqi Xifeng Capsules was ig administered before the model preparation, 1 time/d, continuous treatment for 7 d. Sham group and the model group were given normal saline, and the volume of administration was 10 mL/kg. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models were prepared at 30 min after 7 d of administration. The middle cerebral artery was blocked for 3 h after reperfusion. In Sham group, the line was prepared only in the artery, and after normal saline was given, the line would be removed. After ischemia reperfusion for 24 h, the volume of cerebral infarction was measured by TTC staining, and the cerebral infarction rate was calculated. The brain index and brain water content were calculated at 24 h after ischemia reperfusion. Neurological function scores were measured at 3 and 24 h after cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats. Hematoxylin and eosin were used to stain, and the pathological morphology of rat brain tissue was observed under light microscope. Nissl body expression was determined by toluidine blue Nissl staining method, and numbers of Nissl bodies were observed. The average absorbance of iNOS protein was determined by immunohistochemical staining and SP method, and the expression of iNOS protein in brain tissue of rats was observed. Results Yiqi Xifeng Capsules (1.543 5 and 3.087 0 g/kg) could significantly reduce the cerebral infarction rate of focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rat (P<0.05), while 0.771 8 and 6.174 0 g/kg had no significant effect. There was no significant change in brain index and brain water content in rats treated by Yiqi Xifeng Capsule (0.771 8, 1.543 5, 3.087 0, and 6.174 0 g/kg). After model for 3 h, neurobehavioral scores of Yiqi Xifeng Capsules (0.771 8, 3.087 0 and 6.174 0 g/kg) group were increased significantly (P<0.05, 0.01), and focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats caused by nerve function damage symptoms were improved, while Yiqi Xifeng Capsules 1.543 5 g/kg group had no obvious effect. Compared with model group, the pathological changes of gray matter, white matter, meninges and ependymal lesions in the brain tissue of rats in Yiqi Xifeng Capsules (1.543 5 g/kg) group were significantly alleviated (P<0.01), the average absorbance value of Nissl staining were significantly increased (P<0.01), and expression level of iNOS protein in brain tissue tended to decrease, but it was not statistically significant. Conclusion Yiqi Xifeng Capsules have definite protective effect on focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats, which may be related to the decrease of pathological changes of brain tissue and the increase of Nissl bodies number.