目的 了解武漢市新洲區(qū)人民醫(yī)院Ⅰ類切口手術(shù)預(yù)防用抗菌藥物臨床應(yīng)用情況，為臨床合理應(yīng)用抗菌藥物提供參考。方法 選取武漢市新洲區(qū)人民醫(yī)院2014年4月-2015年3月（干預(yù)前）和2015年4月-2016年3月（干預(yù)后）的Ⅰ類切口手術(shù)1 247例，比較干預(yù)前后抗菌藥物的使用率、品種分布、用藥合理性和人均使用金額。結(jié)果 干預(yù)前后，Ⅰ類切口抗菌藥物的使用率分別為47.17%、23.49%，比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.01）。干預(yù)后，抗菌藥物的品種選擇更加合理。用藥時(shí)機(jī)及聯(lián)合用藥合理率趨近100%，使用療程、品種選擇及適應(yīng)癥合理率增加明顯，干預(yù)前后Ⅰ類切口抗菌藥物的用藥時(shí)機(jī)、使用療程、品種選擇、給藥劑量和適應(yīng)癥合理率比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.01）。抗菌藥物人均使用金額也有明顯降低，干預(yù)前后比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 干預(yù)后，武漢市新洲區(qū)人民醫(yī)院Ⅰ類切口抗菌藥物臨床應(yīng)用更加合理、規(guī)范，干預(yù)效果明顯。

Objective To understand the prophylactic application of antibiotics in type I incision in Wuhan Xinzhou District People's Hospital, and provide reference for clinical rational use of antibiotics. Methods Patients (1247 cases) in Wuhan Xinzhou District People's Hospital from April 2014 to March 2015 (before intervention) and April 2015 to March 2016 (after intervention) were respectively selected, and usage rate, classes distribution, drug choice, rationality of medication, and per capita amount were compared before and after intervention. Results The use rate of antibiotics in type I incision were 47.17% and 23.49% respectively, and there was difference between before and after the intervention (P < 0.01). After intervention, the variety choice of antibiotics was more reasonable. The reasonable rate of administration time and drug combination was next to 100%, and the reasonable rate of course of treatment, variety choice, and indication was significantly increased, and there were significant differences in administration time, course of treatment, variety choice, dosage of administration, and indication of antibiotics in type I incision before and after the intervention (P < 0.01). The per capita amount of antibiotics was significantly decreased, and there was difference before and after the intervention (P < 0.05). Conclusion After intervention, the clinical use of antibiotics in type I incision in Wuhan Xinzhou District People's Hospital is more reasonable and standardized, and the intervention effect is obvious.