目的 研究番茄紅素對大鼠肺缺血再灌注損傷的保護作用, 并考察其作用機制。方法 取120只SD大鼠隨機分為假手術(shù)組、模型組、舒血寧注射液(4 mg/kg)組以及番茄紅素5、10、20 mg/kg組, 每組20只。除假手術(shù)組外采用夾閉左肺門45 min后松夾的方法制備大鼠肺缺血再灌注損傷模型。再灌注2 h后, 分別測定各組大鼠肺組織濕質(zhì)量/干質(zhì)量比值;通過蘇木精-尹紅(HE)染色觀察肺組織病理學(xué)改變;原位末端標記(TUNEL)法觀察肺組織細胞凋亡并計算凋亡指數(shù)(AI);檢測血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量和髓過氧化物酶(MPO)活性;測定肺組織中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、過氧化氫酶(CAT)活性。結(jié)果 與模型組比較, 番茄紅素10、20 mg/kg組肺組織濕質(zhì)量/干質(zhì)量比值顯著降低(P<0.05、0.01), 肺組織病變顯著改善, 肺組織細胞凋亡狀況明顯改善;血清中MDA含量和MPO活性顯著降低(P<0.05、0.01), 肺組織中SOD、CAT活性顯著升高(P<0.05、0.01)。其中番茄紅素20 mg/kg組對肺缺血再灌注損傷大鼠肺組織病變改善最為顯著、細胞凋亡狀況改善以及凋亡指數(shù)降低效果最為顯著, 對血清中MDA含量和MPO活性顯著降低效果更加顯著、肺組織中GSH-Px活性顯著升高(P<0.01)。結(jié)論 番茄紅素能夠有效降低肺組織濕質(zhì)量/干質(zhì)量比值, 改善肺組織病變, 抑制肺組織細胞凋亡、降低凋亡指數(shù), 提示番茄紅素對大鼠肺缺血再灌注損傷具有劑量相關(guān)性的保護作用, 其作用機制可能與番茄紅素能夠有效改善機體抗氧化酶活性、抑制氧化應(yīng)激損傷有關(guān)。

Objective To investigate the protective effects of lycopene on pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and to explore its mechanism. Methods A total of 120 SD rats were randomly divided into Sham group, model group, Shuxuening Injection (4 mg/kg) group, and lycopene (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) groups, and each group had 20 rats. Pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury models in rats except Sham group were clipped the hilum of left lung, and after 45 min release of the clip. Two hours after reperfusion, wet weight/dry weight ratios of lung tissue were determined, the histopathological changes of lung tissue were observed by HE method, myocardial apoptosis of lung tissue was observed by TUNEL method, and the apoptosis index (AI) was analyzed. At the same times, the contents of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in serum were determined, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) in lung tissue were determined. Results Compared with the model group, indexes of lycopene (10, 20 mg/kg) groups such as wet weight/dry weight ratios were significantly decreased (P < 0.05, 0.01), histopathological changes and cells apoptosis of lung tissues were significantly improved, the content of MDA and activity of MPO in serum were significantly decreased (P < 0.05, 0.01), and the activity of SOD and CAT in lung tissue were significantly increased (P < 0.05, 0.01). Especially lycopene (20 mg/kg) group had better effects in improvement of histopathological changes, cells apoptosis, and AI, decrease of the content of MDA and activity of MPO in serum, and rise of activity of GSH-Px in lung tissues (P < 0.01). Conclusion Lycopene could effectively lower wet weight/dry weight ratio, improve the histopathological changes, inhibit lung tissue apoptosis, and lower the AI. It is suggested that lycopene has dose-dependent protective effects on pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, which perhaps related to its effects of improving antioxidant ability and inhibiting the oxidative stress.