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Archive > Volume 16 Issue 3 > 2024,16(3):401-411. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2024.02.003 Prev Next

中國藥食兩用枸杞屬植物的遺傳多樣性：基于葉綠體基因組的見解

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Genetic diversity of food-medicinal Lycium spp. in China: Insights from chloroplast genome

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    摘要:
    目的：枸杞是一種常用的食藥同源物品。隨著市場對枸杞需求量的不斷增加，枸杞的種植和育種日趨廣泛，但這可能導致遺傳多樣性的喪失。針對此問題，本研究旨在揭示栽培枸杞和野生枸杞的遺傳多樣性。方法：對34份中藥材枸杞常用品種及其野生近緣種的葉綠體基因組（CPG）進行重測序和組裝，并在此基礎(chǔ)上進行遺傳多樣性評價。結(jié)果：序列結(jié)構(gòu)比較表明，CPG在種內(nèi)相對保守。系統(tǒng)發(fā)育分析表明，CPG可用于枸杞品種的鑒別;結(jié)合Nr ITS序列，可以識別出具有混合遺傳背景的材料。核苷酸多樣性分析表明，廣泛栽培的現(xiàn)代品種可能具有共同的母本，而野生品種具有較高的遺傳多樣性。結(jié)論：本研究首次利用CPG揭示了枸杞屬植物種內(nèi)遺傳多樣性，凸顯了枸杞野生遺傳資源保護的迫切需求。CPG為枸杞混合遺傳背景的物種鑒定提供了重要依據(jù)，并突出了野生近緣種在遺傳多樣性保護中的重要性。這種基于CPG的技術(shù)將廣泛促進藥用植物的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

    Abstract:
    Objective: Goji (fruits of Lycium spp.) is commonly consumed as food and medicine. The increasing market demand for goji has led to its wide cultivation and broad breeding, which might cause loss of genetic diversity. This study aims to uncover the genetic diversity of the cultivated and wild Lycium. Methods: The chloroplast genome (CPG) of 34 accessions of Chinese food-medicinal Lycium spp., including the popular cultivars and their wild relatives, was re-sequenced and assembled, based on which the genetic diversity was evaluated. Results: Sequence structural comparison shows that CPG is comparatively conserved within species. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that CPG is sufficient for the discrimination of Lycium species; combined with nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (Nr ITS) sequences, materials with mixed genetic backgrounds can be identified. Nucleotide diversity analysis reveals that the modern cultivars are probably with a common maternal parent, while the wild accessions are with higher level of genetic diversity. Conclusion: For the first time this study reveals the intraspecies genetic diversity of Lycium spp. using CPG, highlighting the urgent conservation demand of wild genetic resources of Lycium. Our study also demonstrates that CPG provides crucial evidence for identification of Lycium species with mixed genetic backgrounds and highlights the importance of the wild relatives in genetic diversity conservation. This CPG-based technology will contribute to the sustainable development of medicinal plants broadly.

    關(guān)鍵詞:
    基因組; 栽培變種; 食藥同源;遺傳多樣性; 枸杞;野生近親

    Keywords:


    Project Supported:
    This study was supported by the International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program (No. YJ20180044), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2019M660552), CAMS Initiative for Innovative Medicine (No. 2016-I2M-2-003), CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (No. CIFMS 2021-I2M-1-032), and Introducing Talents Start-up Fund of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

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