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Archive > Volume 16 Issue 3 > 2024,16(3):327-343. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2024.01.005 Prev Next

桔梗的民族藥理學(xué)、植物化學(xué)、藥理學(xué)及產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用研究進(jìn)展

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Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and product application of Platycodon grandiflorum: A review

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    摘要:
    桔梗作為藥食同源的中藥材，自古以來(lái)就具有止咳鎮(zhèn)痰的作用。到目前為止已從桔梗中分離得到219種化學(xué)成分，包括89種桔梗皂苷，11種黃酮類化合物，21種桔梗多糖，14種酚酸類化合物，6種聚乙炔，5種甾醇，34種脂肪酸，17種氨基酸以及22種微量元素。桔梗具有止咳鎮(zhèn)痰、抗癌、抗炎、調(diào)節(jié)免疫活性、抗氧化、抗肥胖和抗糖尿病、保護(hù)心、肝等多種藥理作用。除了藥用價(jià)值, 桔梗的食用價(jià)值也很高, 在多個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū), 桔梗的需求量均呈上升趨勢(shì)。目前桔梗的應(yīng)用不僅局限于藥用和食用，還包括日用品、化妝品、農(nóng)業(yè)用品等方面。截至目前，可以檢索到桔梗相關(guān)的專利18 217項(xiàng)。本綜述總結(jié)了近20年來(lái)發(fā)表的文章，為進(jìn)一步開(kāi)發(fā)桔梗的藥用和保健價(jià)值提供了依據(jù)。

    Abstract:
    Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng in Chinese) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine used for both medicinal and culinary purposes. Its historical use as an antitussive and expectorant has been extensively documented. Researchers, to date, have identified 219 chemical constituents in Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. DC, encompassing 89 saponins, 11 flavonoids, 21 polysaccharides, 14 phenolic acids, six polyacetylenes, five sterols, 34 fatty acids, 17 amino acids, and 22 trace elements. Jiegeng exhibits diverse pharmacological effects, including antitussive and anti-phlegm properties, anti-cancer activity, antiinflammatory effects, immune regulation, antioxidant properties, anti-obesity, and antidiabetic effects. Additionally, Jiegeng shows potential in protecting the heart and liver. Beyond its medicinal benefits, Jiegeng is highly esteemed in culinary applications, and its global demand is on the rise. Its utilization has expanded beyond medicine and food to encompass daily necessities, cosmetics, agricultural supplies, and other fields. Currently, there are 18 272 patents related to P. grandiflorum. This comprehensive review summarizes the latest research published over the past 20 years, providing a robust foundation for further exploration of the medicinal and health benefits of P. grandiflorum.

    關(guān)鍵詞:
    應(yīng)用;化學(xué)成分;桔梗;藥食同源;桔梗

    Keywords:


    Project Supported:
    The work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2022YFC3501805) for financial support. And we would like to thank Editage (www.editage.cn) for English language editing.

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